Difference between revisions of "Sigma"

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(→‎HOW SIGMA PERTAINS to the BELL CURVE)
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===HOW SIGMA PERTAINS to the BELL CURVE===
 
===HOW SIGMA PERTAINS to the BELL CURVE===
  
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A statistical measurement called "standard deviation" is also referred to as the region between the two sigma lines on the horizontal axis of a bell curve.  The region between the two lines under the bell are is the region called "1 sigma".  The lower case Greek letter sigma is used like this:  [[image:sigma.jpg]] The sigma symbol is combined with numbers like this to help us know how many sigma regions we are referring to: [[image:plus_1_sigma.jpg|250px]]  This is a probability of how much the measurements vary from the center value of the bell by a distance defined as sigma on either side of that center.  (See + and - sigma in the graph above.)
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A statistical measurement called "standard deviation" is also referred to as the region between the two sigma lines on the horizontal axis of a bell curve.  The region between the two lines under the bell are is the region called "1 sigma".  The lower case Greek letter sigma is used like this:   
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The sigma symbol is combined with numbers like this to help us know how many sigma regions we are referring to:   This is a probability of how much the measurements vary from the center value of the bell by a distance defined as sigma on either side of that center.  (See + and - sigma in the graph above.)
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=== 1 SIGMA - 68% Chance ===
 
=== 1 SIGMA - 68% Chance ===

Revision as of 00:25, 4 October 2011

Vtube-laser logo.jpg

SIGMA and ERRORS

Back to VTube-LASER
Back to VTube-STEP

Vtube-laser 1 71b.jpg

Contents


Most have heard of the "bell curve" in mathematics. This is the shape that describes the probability that a given percentage of measurements will fall within a certain region under a standard bell curve. This shape is found in nature - so its one that mathematicians use often.

This shape of the standard bell curve is called "Normal Distribution" or "Gausian Distribution."

Bellcurve.jpg


HOW SIGMA PERTAINS to the BELL CURVE

1 SIGMA - 68% Chance

If someone says that an error is 1 sigma, then that person is referring to the greatest possible error in between the lines marked with - 1 sigma to + 1 sigma in the bell curve (see the curve above). Add the percentages of the two regions under the bell to get about 68%. There is a 68% chance that the error will not exceed the value stated.

2 SIGMA - 95% Chance

If someone says that an error is 2 sigma, then that person is referring to the greatest possible error in between the lines marked with -2 sigma to +2 sigma in the bell curve (see the curve above). Add the percentages of the four regions under the bell between the - and + sigma lines to get about 95%. There is a 95% chance that the error will not exceed the value stated.

3 SIGMA - 99.6% Chance

If someone says that an error is 3 sigma, then that person is referring to the greatest possible error in between the lines marked with -3 sigma to +3 sigma in the bell curve (see the curve above). Add the percentages of the six regions under the bell to get over 99%. There is a 99.6% chance that the error will not exceed the value stated.


2 SIGMA and VTube-LASER SEF2 Values

The 2 Sigma value is used quite a bit for measuring. For example, when VTube-LASER reports Cylinder Fit errors, it always shows the values as "SEF2" or "standard error fit X 2" - which is the same as 2 sigma or (2 times the sigma) value calculated. This lets you know there is a 95% chance that the error or deviation reported in the Cylinder Fit window will not exceed that value.

Vtube-laser 1 58 cylinderfit highlight.jpg

A statistical measurement called "standard deviation" is also referred to as the region between the two sigma lines on the horizontal axis of a bell curve. The region between the two lines under the bell are is the region called "1 sigma". The lower case Greek letter sigma is used like this:

Sigma.jpg

The sigma symbol is combined with numbers like this to help us know how many sigma regions we are referring to: This is a probability of how much the measurements vary from the center value of the bell by a distance defined as sigma on either side of that center. (See + and - sigma in the graph above.)

Plus 1 sigma.jpg

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